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DRY NEEDLING

Dry needling is a therapeutic technique used to treat myofascial pain, which originates from muscles or fascia. The process involves the insertion of a very fine filament needle (approximately 0.25mm in diameter, roughly equivalent to the thickness of 2-3 human hairs) through the skin and into the underlying muscle tissue. The goal is to target myofascial trigger points—commonly referred to as "muscle knots"—which are hyperirritable spots within the muscle that can cause localised pain and discomfort.

Myofascial trigger points are defined as palpable nodules (or "knots") located in tight bands of muscle or fascia. When these knots are compressed, they may cause local tenderness, referred pain (pain that radiates to other areas), and a twitch response. These trigger points are thought to develop in response to muscle injury, overload, or chronic muscle tension.

What is the Difference Between Dry Needling and Acupuncture?

Though dry needling and acupuncture use similar needles and insertion techniques, their underlying theories and clinical applications differ greatly.

  • Dry Needling: This technique is based on anatomical and neurophysiological principles, supported by modern medical research. Dry needling targets specific muscle groups to alleviate myofascial pain and restore normal muscle function.

  • Acupuncture: Acupuncture is rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and focuses on the flow of vital energy (Qi) through pathways known as meridians. According to TCM, imbalances in the energy flow can lead to pain and disease, and acupuncture aims to restore balance by placing needles in specific locations along these meridians.

 

How Does Dry Needling Work, and What Should I Expect to Feel During Treatment?

After conducting a thorough subjective and physical examination, your physiotherapist will identify the source of your pain by locating the myofascial trigger points. This is done by stretching the target muscle and using various palpation techniques to pinpoint the exact location of the knots.

The clinical features of myofascial trigger points include:

  • Focal tenderness within a taut muscle band

  • A local twitch response of the target muscle

  • Reproduction of your primary pain symptoms

  • Referred pain to nearby regions

Once the trigger point is identified, a needle is carefully inserted into the muscle. This process is generally painless, with many patients experiencing no sensation during the needle's insertion or removal due to its fine size. In some cases, a brief stinging sensation may occur. If a muscle twitch response happens, it may feel like a deep cramping or involuntary reflex, typically lasting only a few seconds. Most patients find this response more unusual than painful.

The mechanism of dry needling works through a series of electrical and chemical processes within the nervous system. In simple terms, the muscle twitch generated by the needle insertion helps to block pain signals in the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle relaxation, improved blood circulation, and restored muscle function.

Is Dry Needling Safe?

Dry needling is considered very safe when performed by a trained and qualified physiotherapist. The treatment area is thoroughly cleaned with an alcohol wipe before needle insertion, and the needles used are single-use, sterile, and individually packaged. While rare, some patients may experience minor bruising or bleeding at the treatment site.

What to Expect After Dry Needling?

Following treatment, it’s common to feel mild muscular soreness or aching in the treated area, which can last anywhere from a few hours to a couple of days. Some people describe it as feeling like they've received a mild "bruise" or "cork" in the muscle. This temporary discomfort is usually a sign that the muscle is responding to the treatment.

Will Dry Needling Help Me?

Dry needling can be an effective part of your treatment plan for myofascial pain and muscle tension. It provides symptomatic relief and can be used in the management of a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions. However, dry needling is most beneficial when combined with other treatments, such as manual therapy, education, and exercise rehabilitation. It should not be viewed as a stand-alone treatment but rather as a complementary approach to a comprehensive management plan.

Why Choose Wanneroo Physiotherapy?

At Wanneroo Physiotherapy, we pride ourselves on providing the highest level of care. All our physiotherapists have completed extensive, additional training in dry needling to ensure that you receive the best possible treatment. Our team is highly skilled in identifying the root cause of your pain and using dry needling in conjunction with other therapeutic techniques to help you achieve lasting relief. If you're struggling with muscle pain or tension, trust our team to guide you on the road to recovery with personalised, expert care.

Ask your physiotherapist about how dry needling could benefit you—our team is here to help you feel better and move more freely!

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